The logo is set in a module position, named logo, or logo-menubar. Each module has the option to select a language.
If you only use one, there is no issue. If you use more than 1 language, and you need a logo per language, you can set the module to be active only in certain languages.
So simply publish the module in the right position, and select the right language, and you are set. Same goes for menu's footer modules, etc.